如何设置代理

为了实现代理，需要配置2个Middleware：

setting.py中定义：

SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
    'project_name.middlewares.MyProxyMiddleware': 100,
    'scrapy.contrib.downloadermiddleware.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware': 110
}

其中100、110是执行的优先级，即我们自己定义的MyProxyMiddleware先执行，系统的HttpProxyMiddleware后执行。

我们自己的MyProxyMiddleware，主要负责向meta中写入代理信息

# Importing base64 library because we'll need it ONLY in case if the proxy we are going to use requires authentication
import base64

# Start your middleware class
class ProxyMiddleware(object):

    # overwrite process request
    def process_request(self, request, spider):

        # Set the location of the proxy
        request.meta['proxy'] = "http://YOUR_PROXY_IP:PORT"
        # Use the following lines if your proxy requires authentication
        proxy_user_pass = "USERNAME:PASSWORD"
        # setup basic authentication for the proxy
        encoded_user_pass = base64.encodestring(proxy_user_pass)
        request.headers['Proxy-Authorization'] = 'Basic ' + encoded_user_pass

如果你用的是socks5代理，那么对不起，目前scrapy还不能直接支持，可以通过Privoxy等软件将其本地转化为http代理。